Lake, B. C.; Schmutz, J. A.; Lindberg, M. S.; Ely, C. R.; Eldridge, W. D.; Broerman, F. J. 2008. Body mass of prefledging Emperor Geese Chen canagica: large-scale effects of interspecific densities and food availability. Ibis 150(3): 527-540.
Petersen, M. R.; Schmutz, J. A.; Rockwell, R. F. 1994. Emperor Goose(Chen canagica). In: Poole, A.; Gill, F. (ed.), The birds of North America, No. 97, pp. 1-20. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia and The American Ornithologists' Union, Philadelphia and Washington, DC.
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2001. Waterfowl population status 2001.
Wetlands International. 2002. Waterbird population estimates. Wetlands International, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Zöckler, C. and Lysenko, I. 2000. Water birds on the edge. First circumpolar assessment of climate change impact on Arctic breeding water birds. WCMC, Cambridge, U.K.
IUCN SSC Goose Specialist Group
IUCN SSC Threatened Waterfowl Specialist Group
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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Anser canagicus. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/emperor-goose-anser-canagicus on 04/10/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org on 04/10/2023.