Common Hoopoe (Upupa epops) - BirdLife species factsheet

Common Hoopoe Upupa epops

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Perrins, C.M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Cramp, S.; Perrins, C. M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.

IUCN Red list criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Not Recognised

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	Does not normally occur in forest
Land mass type		Average mass	-

Extent of occurrence (EOO)

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	104,000,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2)	77,600,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Fragmentation		-

Population and trend

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals		poor	estimated	2009
Population trend	Decreasing		suspected	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Largest subpopulations		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	6	-	-	-

Population justification: The overall population is estimated at 5,000,000-10,000,000 individuals (Krištín and Kirwan 2015). The European population is estimated at 1,300,000-2,760,000 pairs, which equates to 2,600,000-5,530,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015).

Trend justification: The species is declining throughout its range as a result of habitat destruction and over-hunting (del Hoyo et al. 2001). The European population trend between 1982 and 2013 is uncertain (EBCC 2015).

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Afghanistan	N	Extant		Yes
Albania	N	Extant		Yes
Algeria	N	Extant
Andorra	N	Extant		Yes
Angola	N	Extant
Armenia	N	Extant		Yes
Austria	N	Extant		Yes
Azerbaijan	N	Extant		Yes
Bahrain	N	Extant				Yes
Bangladesh	N	Extant		Yes
Belarus	N	Extant		Yes
Belgium	N	Extant		Yes
Benin	N	Extant
Bhutan	N	Extant		Yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina	N	Extant		Yes
Botswana	N	Extant
Brunei	V	Extant
Bulgaria	N	Extant		Yes
Burkina Faso	N	Extant
Burundi	N	Extant
Cambodia	N	Extant		Yes
Cameroon	N	Extant
Cape Verde	V	Extant
Central African Republic	N	Extant
Chad	N	Extant
China (mainland)	N	Extant		Yes
Congo	N	Extant
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	N	Extant
Côte d'Ivoire	N	Extant
Croatia	N	Extant		Yes
Cyprus	N	Extant		Yes
Czech Republic	N	Extant		Yes
Denmark	N	Extant				Yes
Djibouti	N	Extant
Egypt	N	Extant
Eritrea	N	Extant
Estonia	N	Extant		Yes
Ethiopia	N	Extant
Faroe Islands (to Denmark)	V	Extant
Finland	V	Extant
France	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Gabon	N	Extant
Gambia	N	Extant
Georgia	N	Extant		Yes
Germany	N	Extant		Yes
Ghana	N	Extant
Gibraltar (to UK)	N	Extant
Greece	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Guinea	N	Extant
Guinea-Bissau	N	Extant
Hong Kong (China)	N	Extant
Hungary	N	Extant		Yes
Iceland	V	Extant
India	N	Extant		Yes
Indonesia	V	Extant
Iran, Islamic Republic of	N	Extant	Yes			Yes
Iraq	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Ireland	V	Extant
Israel	N	Extant		Yes
Italy	N	Extant	Yes			Yes
Japan	V	Extant		Yes
Jordan	N	Extant	Yes			Yes
Kazakhstan	N	Extant		Yes
Kenya	N	Extant
Kuwait	N	Extant				Yes
Kyrgyzstan	N	Extant		Yes
Laos	N	Extant		Yes
Latvia	N	Extant		Yes
Lebanon	N	Extant	Yes			Yes
Lesotho	N	Extant
Liberia	N	Extant
Libya	N	Extant
Liechtenstein	N	Extant
Lithuania	N	Extant		Yes
Luxembourg	N	Extant		Yes
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of	N	Extant		Yes
Malawi	N	Extant
Malaysia	N	Extant		Yes
Maldives	V	Extant
Mali	N	Extant
Malta	N	Extant
Mauritania	N	Extant
Moldova	N	Extant		Yes
Mongolia	N	Extant		Yes
Montenegro	N	Extant		Yes
Morocco	N	Extant
Mozambique	N	Extant
Myanmar	N	Extant
Namibia	N	Extant
Nepal	N	Extant		Yes
Netherlands	N	Extant		Yes
Niger	N	Extant
Nigeria	N	Extant
North Korea	N	Extant		Yes
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	V	Extant
Norway	V	Extant
Oman	N	Extant	Yes			Yes
Pakistan	N	Extant		Yes
Palestinian Authority Territories	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Philippines	V	Extant
Poland	N	Extant		Yes
Portugal	N	Extant	Yes
Qatar	N	Extant				Yes
Romania	N	Extant		Yes
Russia	N	Extant		Yes
Russia (Asian)	N	Extant		Yes
Russia (Central Asian)	N	Extant		Yes
Russia (European)	N	Extant		Yes
Rwanda	N	Extant
Saudi Arabia	N	Extant	Yes			Yes
Senegal	N	Extant
Serbia	N	Extant		Yes
Seychelles	V	Extant
Sierra Leone	N	Extant
Slovakia	N	Extant		Yes
Slovenia	N	Extant		Yes
Somalia	N	Extant
South Africa	N	Extant
South Korea	N	Extant		Yes
South Sudan	N	Extant	Yes		Yes
Spain	N	Extant	Yes
Sri Lanka	N	Extant		Yes
Sudan	N	Extant
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (to Norway)	V	Extant
Swaziland	N	Extant
Sweden	N	Extant		Yes
Switzerland	N	Extant		Yes
Syria	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Taiwan (China)	N	Extant
Tajikistan	N	Extant		Yes
Tanzania	N	Extant
Thailand	N	Extant		Yes
Togo	N	Extant
Tunisia	N	Extant
Turkey	N	Extant		Yes
Turkmenistan	N	Extant		Yes
Uganda	N	Extant
Ukraine	N	Extant		Yes
United Arab Emirates	N	Extant	Yes			Yes
United Kingdom	V	Extant		Yes
USA	V	Extant
Uzbekistan	N	Extant		Yes
Vietnam	N	Extant		Yes
Yemen	N	Extant	Yes			Yes
Zambia	N	Extant
Zimbabwe	N	Extant

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Poland	Augustów forest
Poland	Biala Forest
Poland	Middle Warta River Valley
Poland	Tuchola Forest

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Urban Areas	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Urban Areas	suitable	non-breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	non-breeding
Grassland	Temperate	suitable	breeding
Savanna	Dry	major	breeding
Savanna	Dry	major	non-breeding
Altitude	0 - 3650 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Utilisation

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food (human)	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild		Non-trivial	Recent
Pets	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild		Non-trivial	Recent
Pets	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	International	Non-trivial	Recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2017) Species factsheet: Upupa epops. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 18/10/2017. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2017) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 18/10/2017.