Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Medium |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 61,200,000 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 44,100,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Fragmentation | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | poor | estimated | 2012 | |
| Population trend | Decreasing | suspected | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Largest subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 7 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The European population is estimated at 5,960,000-10,800,000 calling or lekking males, which equates to 11,900,000-21,500,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms c. 30% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 40,000,000-72,000,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. The population is therefore placed in the band 40,000,000-74,999,999 mature individuals.
Trend justification: The overall trend is suspected to be declining. The Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme estimates the population Within Europe the population has decreased by <25% over the period 1980-2013 (EBCC 2015).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Albania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Algeria | N | Extant | ||||
| Andorra | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Angola | N | Extant | ||||
| Armenia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Austria | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Azerbaijan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bahrain | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bangladesh | N | Extant | ||||
| Barbados | V | Extant | ||||
| Belarus | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Belgium | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Benin | N | Extant | ||||
| Bhutan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Botswana | N | Extant | ||||
| Bulgaria | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Burkina Faso | N | Extant | ||||
| Burundi | N | Extant | ||||
| Cameroon | N | Extant | ||||
| Cape Verde | V | Extant | ||||
| Central African Republic | N | Extant | ||||
| Chad | N | Extant | ||||
| China (mainland) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Comoros | V | Extant | ||||
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | N | Extant | ||||
| Côte d'Ivoire | V | Extant | ||||
| Croatia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Czechia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Denmark | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Djibouti | N | Extant | ||||
| Egypt | N | Extant | ||||
| Eritrea | N | Extant | ||||
| Estonia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Ethiopia | N | Extant | ||||
| Faroe Islands (to Denmark) | V | Extant | ||||
| Finland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| France | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Gabon | N | Extant | ||||
| Gambia | V | Extant | ||||
| Georgia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Germany | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Ghana | N | Extant | ||||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Greece | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Greenland (to Denmark) | V | Extant | ||||
| Guinea | N | Extant | ||||
| Guinea-Bissau | N | Extant | ||||
| Hong Kong (China) | N | Extant | ||||
| Hungary | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Iceland | V | Extant | ||||
| India | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Indonesia | V | Extant | ||||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Iraq | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Ireland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Israel | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Italy | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Japan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Jordan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Kazakhstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Kenya | N | Extant | ||||
| Kuwait | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Kyrgyzstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Laos | N | Extant | ||||
| Latvia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Lebanon | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Lesotho | V | Extant | ||||
| Liberia | N | Extant | ||||
| Libya | N | Extant | ||||
| Liechtenstein | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Lithuania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Luxembourg | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Malawi | N | Extant | ||||
| Maldives | N | Extant | ||||
| Mali | N | Extant | ||||
| Malta | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mauritania | N | Extant | ||||
| Mayotte (to France) | V | Extant | ||||
| Moldova | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mongolia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Montenegro | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Morocco | N | Extant | ||||
| Mozambique | N | Extant | ||||
| Myanmar | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Namibia | N | Extant | ||||
| Nepal | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Netherlands | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Niger | N | Extant | ||||
| Nigeria | N | Extant | ||||
| North Korea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| North Macedonia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Norway | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Oman | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Pakistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Palau | V | Extant | ||||
| Palestinian Authority Territories | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Poland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Portugal | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Qatar | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Romania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (European) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Rwanda | N | Extant | ||||
| Saudi Arabia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Senegal | N | Extant | ||||
| Serbia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Seychelles | V | Extant | ||||
| Sierra Leone | N | Extant | ||||
| Slovakia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Slovenia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Somalia | N | Extant | ||||
| South Africa | N | Extant | ||||
| South Korea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| South Sudan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Spain | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sri Lanka | N | Extant | ||||
| Sudan | N | Extant | ||||
| Sweden | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Switzerland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Syria | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Taiwan, China | V | Extant | ||||
| Tajikistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Tanzania | N | Extant | ||||
| Thailand | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Togo | N | Extant | ||||
| Tunisia | N | Extant | ||||
| Turkey | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Turkmenistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Uganda | N | Extant | ||||
| Ukraine | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Arab Emirates | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Kingdom | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| USA | V | Extant | ||||
| Uzbekistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Vietnam | N | Extant | ||||
| Western Sahara | N | Extant | ||||
| Yemen | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Zambia | N | Extant | ||||
| Zimbabwe | N | Extant |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Pastureland | suitable | breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Rural Gardens | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Savanna | Dry | major | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 3800 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2021) Species factsheet: Cuculus canorus. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 05/03/2021.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2021) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 05/03/2021.
