Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Near Threatened | C1 |
| 2018 | Near Threatened | C1 |
| 2016 | Near Threatened | C1 |
| 2013 | Near Threatened | C1 |
| 2012 | Near Threatened | C1 |
| 2008 | Near Threatened | C1 |
| 2006 | Near Threatened | |
| 2004 | Near Threatened | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
| 1988 | Threatened |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | low |
| Land mass type |
land-mass type - continent |
Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 22,400,000 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 36,500,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 16800-22800 | medium | estimated | 2020 |
| Population trend | decreasing | poor | inferred | - |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | 1-19 | - | - | - |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | 1-19 | - | - | - |
| Number of subpopulations | 2-100 | - | - | - |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 13.9 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population is estimated to number 8,400-11,400 pairs, equating to 16,800-22,800 mature individuals, or c. 25,200-34,200 individuals. This consists of 2,900-3,400 pairs in Europe (BirdLife International in prep.) and 5,500-8,000 pairs in Asia (Anon. 2004). The population in Korea has been estimated at c.50-10,000 wintering individuals (Brazil 2009).
Trend justification: Although the European population is increasing, the much larger Asian population appears to be in decline. Overall, a slow to moderate and on-going decline is suspected.
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | extant | native | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Albania | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Algeria | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Armenia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Austria | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Azerbaijan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Bangladesh | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belarus | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Bhutan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Bulgaria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cambodia | extant | native | yes | |||
| China (mainland) | extant | native | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Croatia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Cyprus | extinct | introduced | ||||
| Czechia | extinct | vagrant | ||||
| Egypt | extant | vagrant | ||||
| France | extant | reintroduced | yes | |||
| Georgia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Germany | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Greece | extant | native | yes | |||
| Hungary | extant | vagrant | ||||
| India | extant | native | yes | |||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Iraq | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Israel | extant | native | yes | |||
| Italy | extant | native | yes | |||
| Japan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Jordan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kazakhstan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Kuwait | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kyrgyzstan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Latvia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Lebanon | extant | native | yes | |||
| Malaysia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Moldova | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Mongolia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Montenegro | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Morocco | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Myanmar | extant | native | yes | |||
| Nepal | extant | native | yes | |||
| Netherlands | extant | vagrant | ||||
| North Korea | extant | native | yes | |||
| North Macedonia | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Oman | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Pakistan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Poland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Portugal | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Romania | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (European) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Saudi Arabia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Serbia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Slovakia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Slovenia | extinct | vagrant | ||||
| South Korea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Spain | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Sudan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Switzerland | extant | native | yes | |||
| Syria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Taiwan, China | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Tajikistan | extant | native | yes | yes | yes | |
| Thailand | extant | native | yes | |||
| Tunisia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Turkey | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Turkmenistan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Ukraine | extant | native | yes | |||
| Uzbekistan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Vietnam | extant | native | yes | |||
| Yemen | extant | vagrant |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | resident |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
| Grassland | Temperate | suitable | resident |
| Shrubland | Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation | suitable | resident |
| Altitude | 300 - 4500 m | Occasional altitudinal limits | (max) 4900 m |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Unintentional effects (species is not the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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| Climate change & severe weather | Temperature extremes | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Energy production & mining | Renewable energy | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Human intrusions & disturbance | Work & other activities | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Natural system modifications | Other ecosystem modifications | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Other options | Other threat | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Transportation & service corridors | Utility & service lines | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medicine - human & veterinary | - | - | non-trivial | recent | ||
| Other household goods | - | - | non-trivial | recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | international | non-trivial | recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Aegypius monachus. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/cinereous-vulture-aegypius-monachus on 02/06/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org on 02/06/2023.
