• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note

Haemorhous cassinii (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) was previously placed in the genus Carpodacus following AOU (1998 & supplements); Sibley & Monroe (1990, 1993); Stotz et al. (1996).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2019	Least Concern
2016	Near Threatened	A2bc+3bc+4bc
2012	Near Threatened	A2bc+3bc+4bc
2008	Near Threatened	A2b,c; A3b,c; A4b,c
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	Medium
Land mass type	Land-mass type - continent	Average mass	26 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	2,730,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2)	3,600,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Fragmentation		-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	3000000	medium	estimated	2016
Population trend	Decreasing	medium	estimated	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)	1-19	-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)	1-19	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Largest subpopulations		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	4	-	-	-

Population justification: Partners in Flight estimate the global population to number 3 million mature individuals (A. Panjabi in litt. 2017).

Trend justification: This species has undergone a significant decline over the last decades in North America (69% decline between 1974 and 2014 based on Partners in Flight, A. Panjabi in litt. 2017). Recent information the North American Breeding Bird Survey only shows non-significant declines in this species, which would not approach the threshold for listing as Vulnerable (Sauer et al. 2017). Using data from 2006 (three generations ago) to 2015 gives an annual decline of 0.56% (2.24% decline to 1.36% increase). Extrapolating these trends forwards would give an overall population reduction of 6.52% (23.80% reduction to 17.60% increase) over the next three generations. Population reductions have been occurring at this approximate rate for some time now (at least 5 years).

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Canada	N	Extant	Yes	Yes
Mexico	N	Extant			Yes
USA	N	Extant	Yes	Yes	Yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Mexico	Papigochi
Mexico	Sierra de San Pedro Mártir
Mexico	Sierra del Burro

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Urban Areas	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Boreal	major	breeding
Forest	Boreal	major	non-breeding
Forest	Temperate	major	breeding
Forest	Temperate	major	non-breeding
Altitude	1000 - 3000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Climate change & severe weather	Droughts	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic species/disease of unknown origin - Unspecified species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 3
		Stresses Species mortality
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 3
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Species mortality

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2019) Species factsheet: Haemorhous cassinii. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 16/12/2019. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2019) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 16/12/2019.