Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.
SACC. 2006. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.html#.
SACC. 2006. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
C2a(i) | C2a(i); D | A2ce+3ce+4ce; C1+2a(i); D1 |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2016 | Critically Endangered | C2a(i) |
2015 | Critically Endangered | C2a(i) |
2013 | Critically Endangered | C2a(i) |
2012 | Critically Endangered | C2a(i) |
2010 | Critically Endangered | C2a(i) |
2009 | Critically Endangered | C2a(i) |
2008 | Critically Endangered | |
2006 | Critically Endangered | |
2004 | Critically Endangered | |
2000 | Critically Endangered | |
1996 | Critically Endangered | |
1994 | Critically Endangered | |
1988 | Threatened |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | Does not normally occur in forest |
Land mass type |
Land-mass type - continent |
Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 1,270,000 | medium |
Number of locations | 8 | - |
Fragmentation | - |
Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. of mature individuals | 50-249 | medium | estimated | 1994 |
Population trend | Decreasing | poor | estimated | - |
Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | 30-49 | - | - | - |
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | 30-49 | - | - | - |
Number of subpopulations | 6 | - | - | - |
Largest subpopulations | 1-89 | - | - | - |
Generation length (yrs) | 6.5 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The population was estimated at 250 individuals in 1992, and was thought likely to have declined since given ongoing threats, however there are recent suggestions that the population may exceed this figure (L.V. Lins in litt. 2012). Recent estimates from the three main areas currently known to hold the species are of 70-100 territories (140-200 mature individuals) in the Serra da Canastra area (L.V. Lins in litt. 2012, 2013), fewer than 50 individuals at Chapada dos Veadeiros (Disconzi 2012) and eight at Jalapão (IECOS Brasil 2013 per L.V. Lins in litt. 2013, Barbosa et al. 2015), but these figures require confirmation and the population is currently precautionarily maintained within the band 50-249 mature individuals.
Trend justification: This species's population is suspected to have declined rapidly over the last 20 years (three generations), in line with habitat loss and degradation within its range, owing to the expansion of hydroelectric power schemes, soy bean cultivation and mining operations. It appears to have been extirpated from Paraguay.
Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Argentina | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Brazil | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Paraguay | N | Extant | Yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Argentina | Cuenca del Piray Miní |
Argentina | Parque Provincial Urugua-í |
Brazil | Jalapão |
Brazil | Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros e Adjacências |
Brazil | Rio Arrojado |
Brazil | Serra da Canastra |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) | major | resident |
Altitude | 0 - 1100 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
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Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Energy production & mining | Mining & quarrying | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Human intrusions & disturbance | Recreational activities | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Natural system modifications | Dams & water management/use | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
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Pollution | Agricultural & forestry effluents | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sport | Whole | Adults and juveniles | Wild | Non-trivial | Recent | |
Sport hunting/specimen collecting | - | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2019) Species factsheet: Mergus octosetaceus. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 16/02/2019.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2019) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 16/02/2019.