Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Christidis, L.; Boles, W. E. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | Low |
| Land mass type | Average mass | 529 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 45,300,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | poor | estimated | 2009 | |
| Population trend | Decreasing | suspected | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 11.5 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population is estimated to number > c.100,000 individuals (Ferguson-Lees et al. 2001), while the population in China has been estimated at < c.100 breeding pairs (Brazil 2009).
Trend justification: The population is declining, especially in South-East Asia, owing to loss of habitat, persecution, over-use of pesticides and, possibly, increased human hygiene resulting in reduction of available scraps (Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bangladesh | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bhutan | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Brunei | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Cambodia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| China (mainland) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Hong Kong (China) | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| India | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Indonesia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Laos | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Macao (China) | N | Extant | ||||
| Malaysia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Maldives | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Myanmar | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Nepal | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Pakistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Palau | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Papua New Guinea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Philippines | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Singapore | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Solomon Islands | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sri Lanka | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Taiwan, China | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Thailand | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Timor-Leste | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Arab Emirates | U | Extant | ||||
| Vanuatu | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Vietnam | N | Extant | Yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| Philippines | Zambales mountains |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Aquatic & Marine | Artificial/Aquatic - Excavations (open) | suitable | resident |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Urban Areas | suitable | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level | suitable | resident |
| Marine Intertidal | Rocky Shoreline | suitable | resident |
| Marine Intertidal | Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc | suitable | resident |
| Marine Intertidal | Shingle and/or Pebble Shoreline and/or Beaches | suitable | resident |
| Marine Intertidal | Tidepools | suitable | resident |
| Marine Neritic | Estuaries | suitable | resident |
| Wetlands (inland) | Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands | suitable | resident |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | suitable | resident |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) | suitable | resident |
| Altitude | 0 - 3000 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Haliastur indus. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 01/12/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 01/12/2022.
