Justification of Red List Category
This lowland forest species is likely to have a moderately small and declining population, owing to extensive logging throughout its range. It therefore qualifies as Near Threatened.
Population justification
The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as not very common on Halmahera, although locally or seasonally frequent. The population in the proposed Lolobata Reserve in north-east Halmahera is estimated as 8,700 individuals (Gibbs et al. 2001).
Trend justification
The species is suspected to be declining at a moderate rate, owing to habitat loss.
Ptilinopus monacha is restricted to the North Maluku, Indonesia, where it inhabits at least 13 islands (BirdLife International 2001). Although moderately common, it is mainly a small island and coastal specialist and is therefore likely to have a small population.
It frequents lowland forest up to 750 m, but seems to prefer, or is more easily detected in mangroves, coastal woodland and disturbed forest.
It suffers from substantial habitat loss within its range.
Conservation Actions Underway
None is known.
Text account compilers
Benstead, P., Collar, N., Mahood, S., Taylor, J., Tobias, J.
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Ptilinopus monacha. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 27/05/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 27/05/2022.