Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Perrins, C.M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Cramp, S.; Perrins, C. M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2013 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | High |
| Land mass type | Average mass | 321 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 38,900,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 6000000-10499999 | poor | estimated | 2012 |
| Population trend | Increasing | suspected | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 5.8 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The European population is estimated at 1,110,000-1,820,000 pairs, which equates to 2,210,000-3,630,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms c.35% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 6,300,000-10,400,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.
Trend justification: The species has expanded its range in western Europe, central Europe and Japan (del Hoyo et al. 2002). In Europe, trends between 1980 and 2013 show that populations have undergone a moderate increase (p<0.01) (EBCC 2015).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Andorra | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Armenia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Austria | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Azerbaijan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Belarus | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Belgium | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bulgaria | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| China (mainland) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Croatia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Czechia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Denmark | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Estonia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Finland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| France | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Georgia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Germany | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Greece | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Hungary | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Italy | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Japan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Kazakhstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Latvia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Liechtenstein | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Lithuania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Luxembourg | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Moldova | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mongolia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Montenegro | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Netherlands | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| North Korea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| North Macedonia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Norway | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Poland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Portugal | V | Extant | ||||
| Romania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Russia (Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (European) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Serbia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Slovakia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Slovenia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| South Korea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Spain | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sweden | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Switzerland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Turkey | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Ukraine | N | Extant | Yes |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | Boreal | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Boreal | major | breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Altitude | 100 - 2400 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | - | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Dryocopus martius. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 29/05/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 29/05/2022.
