Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | does not normally occur in forest |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | 561 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 4,910,000 | |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 6,360,000 | |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of mature individuals | poor | estimated | 2006 | |
| Population trend | stable | suspected | - | |
| Generation length (years) | 11.5 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population is estimated to number > c.1,100,000 individuals (Dlany and Scott 2006), while national population estimates include: c.100-100,000 breeding pairs and c.50-10,000 wintering individuals in China; c.50-1,000 wintering individuals, c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and < c.100 breeding pairs in Taiwan; c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs in Korea; c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs in Japan and c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).
Trend justification: Although Wetlands International consider the current population trend to be unknown, it is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats (del Hoyo et al. 1996).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Canada | extant | vagrant | ||||
| China (mainland) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Hong Kong (China) | extant | native | ||||
| Japan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mexico | extant | vagrant | ||||
| North Korea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Philippines | extant | uncertain | ||||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| South Korea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Taiwan, China | extant | native | ||||
| Thailand | extant | vagrant | ||||
| USA | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Vietnam | extant | native |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| China (mainland) | She Dao Island |
| China (mainland) | Haimao Dao Island |
| China (mainland) | Wuchishan Dao Nature Reserve |
| Japan | Tshubakijima, Aomatsusima islets |
| Japan | Futagojima islets |
| Japan | Rikuzen Enoshima islets |
| Japan | Tobishima and Oshakujima islands |
| Japan | Rishiri island |
| Japan | Esashi, Menashidomari |
| Japan | Teuri island |
| Japan | Fumishima islet |
| Japan | Matsumae islets |
| Japan | Bentenjima islet |
| Japan | Kabushima islet |
| Japan | Sanganjima islet |
| Russia (Asian) | Islands in Peter the Great bay |
| Russia (Asian) | Lower Tumen river |
| China (mainland) | Jiushan Islands Nature Reserve |
| China (mainland) | Yushan Islands |
| China (mainland) | Dongtou Islands |
| China (mainland) | Nanji Islands Nature Reserve |
| Japan | Awashima, Tobishima and Osyakujima Islands - Marine |
| Japan | Sanriku coast and Matsumaekojima - Marine |
| Japan | Northern Hokkaido - Marine |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marine Coastal/Supratidal | Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands | major | breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Rocky Shoreline | major | breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Shingle and/or Pebble Shoreline and/or Beaches | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Shingle and/or Pebble Shoreline and/or Beaches | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Tidepools | major | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Macroalgal/Kelp | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Macroalgal/Kelp | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Pelagic | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Pelagic | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Seagrass (Submerged) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Seagrass (Submerged) | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy-Mud | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy-Mud | suitable | breeding |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | - | non-trivial | recent | |
| Food - human | - | - | non-trivial | recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | - | international | non-trivial | recent |
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | international | non-trivial | recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Larus crassirostris. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/black-tailed-gull-larus-crassirostris on 27/09/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org on 27/09/2023.
