• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Buteogallus solitarius (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) was previously placed in the genus Harpyhaliaetus.

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2016	Near Threatened	C1+2a(i)
2012	Near Threatened	C1+2a(i)
2008	Near Threatened	C1; C2a(i)
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	High
Land mass type	Land-mass type - continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	13,700,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Severely Fragmented		-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	1000-2499	poor	estimated	2012
Population trend	Decreasing		suspected	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	8.7	-	-	-

Population justification: There are no population density figures and rigorous national or global population estimates are lacking. Consequently, the global population has not been determined with precision. Ferguson-Lees and Christie (2001) stated that the population was most unlikely to exceed three figures, however even though the species occurs at low densities it has an extremely large range and this estimate seems implausibly low. The population is therefore preliminarily estimated to lie in the range 1,000-2,499 mature individuals. This equates to 1,500-3,749 individuals in total, rounded here to 1,500-4,000 individuals. The population in Colombia is estimated to number c.50 mature individuals (Renjifo et al. 2014) whilst the population in Venezuela was estimated to be 300-500 mature individuals and declining in 2015 (Sharpe and Lentino 2015).

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be in decline throughout its range (C. J. Sharpe in litt. 2016) owing to ongoing habitat destruction and unsustainable hunting.

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Argentina	N	Extant	Yes
Belize	N	Extant	Yes
Bolivia	N	Extant	Yes
Colombia	N	Extant	Yes
Costa Rica	N	Extant	Yes
Ecuador	N	Extant	Yes
El Salvador	N	Possibly Extinct	Yes
Guatemala	N	Extant	Yes
Guyana	N	Extant	Yes
Honduras	N	Extant	Yes
Mexico	N	Extant	Yes
Nicaragua	N	Extant	Yes
Panama	N	Extant	Yes
Peru	N	Extant	Yes
Venezuela	N	Extant	Yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Colombia	Valle de San Salvador
Colombia	Cuchilla de San Lorenzo
Colombia	Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona
Colombia	Eco-parque Los Besotes
Colombia	Munchique Natural National Park and southern extension
Colombia	Cerro Pintado (Serranía de Perijá)
Colombia	Reserva El Oso
Argentina	Acambuco
Argentina	Itiyuro-Tuyunti
Argentina	Parque Nacional Baritú
Argentina	Parque Nacional El Rey
Argentina	Cuesta del Obispo
Argentina	Río Seco
Argentina	Parque Nacional Calilegua
Argentina	Cuesta de las Higuerillas
Belize	Rio Bravo CMA Gallon Jug Estate
Belize	Maya Mountains and southern reserves
Colombia	Jardín de las Delicias
Honduras	Rio Platano
Honduras	Celaque
Honduras	Cerro Azul Meambar
Honduras	Montaña de Yoro
Honduras	Sierra de Agalta
Honduras	La Muralla and surrounding area
Bolivia	Serranía de Aguarague
Argentina	Yuto y Vinalito
Peru	Manu
Ecuador	Manteles - El Triunfo - Sucre
Mexico	Parque Natural Sierra de Nanchititla
Mexico	Sierra del Burro
Mexico	Sierra de Tabasco

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Forest	Temperate	suitable	resident
Altitude	400 - 2200 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Majority (50-90%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		International	Non-trivial	Recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Buteogallus solitarius. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 05/07/2022. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 05/07/2022.