Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Does not normally occur in forest |
| Land mass type | Average mass | 54 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 5,520,000 | |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 11,100,000 | |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 10000000-20999999 | poor | estimated | 2012 |
| Population trend | Stable | suspected | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 3.8 | - | - | - |
Population justification: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 1,020,000-2,050,000 pairs, which equates to 2,040,000-4,100,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms c.20% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 10,200,000-20,500,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.
Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats. The European population is estimated to be stable (BirdLife International 2015).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Armenia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Azerbaijan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bahrain | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| China (mainland) | N | Extant | ||||
| Cyprus | N | Extant | ||||
| Djibouti | V | Extant | ||||
| Egypt | N | Extant | ||||
| Eritrea | N | Extant | ||||
| Ethiopia | N | Extant | ||||
| Finland | V | Extant | ||||
| Greece | V | Extant | ||||
| India | N | Extant | ||||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Iraq | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Israel | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Italy | V | Extant | ||||
| Japan | V | Extant | ||||
| Jordan | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Kazakhstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Kuwait | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Kyrgyzstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Lebanon | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Oman | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Pakistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Saudi Arabia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sudan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sweden | V | Extant | ||||
| Syria | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Tajikistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Turkey | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Turkmenistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Arab Emirates | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| United Kingdom | V | Extant | ||||
| Uzbekistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Yemen | V | Extant | Yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| Azerbaijan | Mount Dalidag |
| Armenia | Khosrov Reserve |
| Israel | Cliffs of Zin and the Negev highlands |
| Afghanistan | Hari Rud valley |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Akh Gol |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Parvar Protected Area |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Khosh-Yeilagh |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Golestan |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Touran |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Shirvan area |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Sarani |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Tandoureh |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Oshtrankuh Protected Area |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Bamou National Park |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Hamoun-i Sabari and Hamoun-i Hirmand |
| Turkey | Hodulbaba Mountain |
| Turkey | Tuz Lake |
| Kazakhstan | Kyzylkol Lake |
| Kazakhstan | Karagie Depression |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | major | breeding |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | major | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks) | major | breeding | |
| Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks) | major | non-breeding | |
| Altitude | 0 - 2700 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Melanocorypha bimaculata. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 10/08/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 10/08/2022.
