EN
Baudo Guan Penelope ortoni



Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- A2cd+3cd+4cd A2cd+3cd+4cd; C2a(i)

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2019 Endangered A2cd+3cd+4cd
2016 Endangered A2cd+3cd+4cd
2012 Endangered A2cd+3cd+4cd
2008 Endangered A2c,d; A3c,d; A4c,d
2004 Endangered
2000 Vulnerable
1996 Vulnerable
1994 Vulnerable
1988 Near Threatened
Species attributes

Migratory status not a migrant Forest dependency high
Land-mass type continent
Average mass -
Range

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) 181,000 km2 medium
Number of locations 6-10 -
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size 7000-21000 mature individuals medium estimated 2005
Population trend decreasing poor inferred 2012-2029
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) 50-79% - - -
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) 50-79% - - -
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) 50-79% - - -
Generation length 5.7 years - - -
Number of subpopulations 2-100 - - -

Population justification: The population in Ecuador was estimated at 2,500-7,500 mature individuals in 2002. On the basis of extensive visual and auditory transect-mapping carried out in 1997-2006 in Esmeraldas (Ecuador), the global population was extrapolated at 7,000-21,000 mature individuals, roughly equivalent to 10,000-32,000 individuals in total. In remote premontane forest, about 0.5-1.5 territories were counted per transect kilometre. However, the species is usually extirpated within about 2-5 km around human settlements (O. Jahn in litt. 2007, P. Mena in litt. 2007). Transects in Ensenada de Utria in 2010 estimated a total density of 0.56 individuals/km2 (O. Cortes in litt. 2012).

Trend justification: A very rapid population decline is suspected to have occurred over the last three generations on the basis of rates of habitat loss and hunting pressure. An analysis of deforestation from 2000 to 2012 found that forest within the species's range was lost at a rate equivalent to 2.5% over three generation lengths (Tracewski et al. 2016).


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
Colombia extant native yes
Ecuador extant native yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name
Ecuador Bosque Protector Los Cedros
Ecuador Cayapas-Santiago-Wimbí
Ecuador Corredor Awacachi
Ecuador Mindo and western foothills of Volcan Pichincha
Ecuador Mataje-Cayapas-Santiago
Ecuador Reserva Ecológica Cotacachi-Cayapas
Ecuador Territorio Étnico Awá y alrededores
Ecuador Verde-Ónzole-Cayapas-Canandé
Colombia Reserva Natural Río Ñambí
Colombia Parque Nacional Natural Ensenada de Utría
Colombia Reserva Natural El Pangán
Ecuador Mashpi-Pachijal
Colombia Región del Alto Calima

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Forest Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland major resident
Altitude 70 - 1500 m Occasional altitudinal limits (max) 3100 m

Threats & impact
Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Rapid Declines Medium Impact: 7
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Rapid Declines Medium Impact: 7
Stresses
Species mortality
Biological resource use Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Rapid Declines Medium Impact: 7
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation
Energy production & mining Mining & quarrying Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development Commercial & industrial areas Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Negligible declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development Housing & urban areas Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors Roads & railroads Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Utilisation
Purpose Primary form used Life stage used Source Scale Level Timing
Food - human - - non-trivial recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Penelope ortoni. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/baudo-guan-penelope-ortoni on 19/03/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org on 19/03/2024.