• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Climate Change maps
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Near Threatened	A2cd+3cd+4cd
2016	Near Threatened	A2cd+3cd
2012	Near Threatened	A2cd+3cd+4cd
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	low
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	8,680,000
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Number of mature individuals	unknown	not applicable	not applicable	0
Population trend	decreasing		suspected	1994-2041
Decline % (10 years/3 generations future)	20-29	-	-	-
Decline % (10 years/3 generations past and future)	20-29	-	-	-
Generation length (years)	15.6	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is reported to be widespread in very poorly documented areas, so might still be common in many places (del Hoyo et al. 1996).

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be in moderately rapid decline owing mainly to unsustainable levels of hunting and on-going habitat modification (del Hoyo et al. 1996).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Algeria	extant	vagrant			yes
Burkina Faso	extant	native	yes
Cameroon	extant	native	yes
Central African Republic	extant	native	yes
Chad	extant	native	yes
Côte d'Ivoire	extant	native	yes
Djibouti	extant	native	yes
Eritrea	extant	native	yes
Ethiopia	extant	native	yes
Gambia	extant	vagrant			yes
Ghana	extant	native	yes
Guinea-Bissau	extant	uncertain	yes
Kenya	extant	vagrant			yes
Mali	extant	native	yes
Mauritania	extant	native	yes
Morocco	possibly extinct	native	yes
Niger	extant	native	yes
Nigeria	possibly extinct	native	yes
Saudi Arabia	extant	native	yes
Senegal	extant	native	yes
Somalia	extant	vagrant			yes
South Sudan	extant	native	yes
Sudan	extant	native
Yemen	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Cameroon	Kalamaloué National Park
Cameroon	Logone flood-plain
Cameroon	Waza National Park
Cameroon	Lake Maga
Djibouti	Dôda
Eritrea	Western Plain: Barka river
Eritrea	Massawa coast
Eritrea	Western Plain: Gash - Setit
Mali	Falaise de Bandiagara
Mauritania	Diawling National Park
Mauritania	Wad Initi
Niger	'W' National Park
Niger	Makalondi district
Niger	Dilia de Lagané
Nigeria	Chad Basin National Park: Chingurmi - Duguma Sector
Nigeria	Sambisa Game Reserve
Sudan	Um Badr lake
Sudan	Jebel Marra
Sudan	En Nahud
Sudan	Lake Kundi
Senegal	River Sénégal (Ntiagar to Richard-Toll)
Senegal	Ferlo North
Senegal	Ferlo South
Chad	Ouadi Rimé - Ouadi Achim
Chad	Lake Chad
Saudi Arabia	Makkah waste-water stream
Saudi Arabia	Al-Habrow al-Arabi
Yemen	Al-Murah
Yemen	Hiswat al-Hugayma
Yemen	Wadi Mawr - Al-Zuhrah
Yemen	Al-Kadan area
Niger	Diffa-Kinzindi grassland and wetlands
Niger	Termit Mountains

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Savanna	Dry	suitable	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 200 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Nomadic grazing	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food - human	-	-	-		non-trivial	recent
Food - human	-	-			non-trivial	recent
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-	-	international	non-trivial	recent
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		international	non-trivial	recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Ardeotis arabs. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/arabian-bustard-ardeotis-arabs on 29/09/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org on 29/09/2023.