The site was identified as important in 2011 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.
Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species'):Species | Red List Category | Season | Year(s) | Population estimate at site | IBA criteria met |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax | NT | resident | 2005 | min 500 individuals | A1, C1 |
Great Bustard Otis tarda | EN | resident | 2003 | min 30 individuals | A1, C1 |
Black Stork Ciconia nigra | LC | passage | 2003 | min 80 individuals | B1i, C2 |
Black Stork Ciconia nigra | LC | breeding | 2010 | min 6 breeding pairs | B1i, C2 |
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis | LC | breeding | 2004 | min 6,700 breeding pairs | A4i, B1i, C3 |
Eurasian Eagle-owl Bubo bubo | LC | resident | 2003 | min 25 breeding pairs | B2, C6 |
Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus | EN | breeding | 2008 | min 28 breeding pairs | A1, B2, C1, C2, C6 |
Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus | LC | resident | 2008 | min 149 breeding pairs | C2, C6 |
Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus | NT | resident | 2006 | 336 breeding pairs | A1, A4ii, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C6 |
Spanish Imperial Eagle Aquila adalberti | VU | resident | 2006 | min 24 breeding pairs | A1, B2, C1, C2, C6 |
Bonelli's Eagle Aquila fasciata | LC | resident | 2005 | min 8 breeding pairs | B2, C2, C6 |
Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus | LC | breeding | 2003 | min 17 breeding pairs | C2, C6 |
Red Kite Milvus milvus | LC | winter | 2005 | min 600 individuals | A1, A4ii, B1iii, C1, C2 |
Red Kite Milvus milvus | LC | resident | 2005 | 55-75 breeding pairs | A1, B2, C1, C2 |
Black Kite Milvus migrans | LC | breeding | 2003 | min 50 breeding pairs | C6 |
Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni | LC | breeding | 2002 | 110-135 breeding pairs | B2, C2 |
The current IUCN Red List category (shown above) may differ from that which was valid at the time of IBA criteria assessment (2011).
IBA conservation assessment | |||
---|---|---|---|
Year of assessment (most recent) | State (condition) | Pressure (threat) | Response (action) |
2008 | favourable | very high | medium |
Was the whole site assessed? | State assessed by | Accuracy of information | |
no | population | medium |
State (condition of the trigger species' populations) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Scientific name | Common name | Reference population | Actual population | Units | % of population remaining | Result |
Otis tarda | Great Bustard | 150 | 150 | individuals | 100 | favourable |
Ciconia nigra | Black Stork | 9 | 9 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Bubulcus ibis | Cattle Egret | 1100 | 1100 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Bubo bubo | Eurasian Eagle-owl | 25 | 25 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Neophron percnopterus | Egyptian Vulture | 21 | 21 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Gyps fulvus | Griffon Vulture | 40 | 40 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Aegypius monachus | Cinereous Vulture | 168 | 168 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Aquila adalberti | Spanish Imperial Eagle | 20 | 20 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Aquila fasciata | Bonelli's Eagle | 10 | 10 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Hieraaetus pennatus | Booted Eagle | 50 | 50 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Milvus migrans | 100 | 100 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable | |
Falco naumanni | Lesser Kestrel | 50 | 50 | breeding pairs | 100 | favourable |
Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Threat level 1 | Threat level 2 | Timing | Scope | Severity | Result |
Agricultural expansion and intensification | livestock farming and ranching (includes forest grazing) - small-holder grazing, ranching or farming | happening now | majority/most of area/population (50-90%) | moderate to rapid deterioration | high |
Agricultural expansion and intensification | wood and pulp plantations (includes afforestation) - small-holder plantations | happening now | some of area/population (10-49%) | very rapid to severe deterioration | high |
Biological resource use | hunting & collecting terrestrial animals - intentional use (species being assessed is the target) | happening now | majority/most of area/population (50-90%) | very rapid to severe deterioration | very high |
Biological resource use | hunting & collecting terrestrial animals - persecution/control | happening now | majority/most of area/population (50-90%) | very rapid to severe deterioration | very high |
Biological resource use | hunting & collecting terrestrial animals - unintentional effects (species is not the target) | happening now | some of area/population (10-49%) | slow but significant deterioration | medium |
Biological resource use | logging & wood harvesting - unintentional effects: large scale | happening now | some of area/population (10-49%) | no or imperceptible deterioration | low |
Climate change and severe weather | drought | likely in short term (within 4 years) | whole area/population (>90%) | slow but significant deterioration | high |
Climate change and severe weather | temperature extremes | happening now | whole area/population (>90%) | slow but significant deterioration | high |
Energy production and mining | renewable energy | happening now | small area/few individuals (<10%) | no or imperceptible deterioration | low |
Human intrusions and disturbance | recreational activities | happening now | majority/most of area/population (50-90%) | slow but significant deterioration | high |
Human intrusions and disturbance | work and other activities | happening now | whole area/population (>90%) | slow but significant deterioration | high |
Invasive and other problematic species and genes | introduced genetic material | happening now | majority/most of area/population (50-90%) | slow but significant deterioration | high |
Natural system modifications | dams & water management/use - abstraction of ground water (agricultural use) | happening now | small area/few individuals (<10%) | slow but significant deterioration | low |
Natural system modifications | other ecosystem modifications | happening now | majority/most of area/population (50-90%) | very rapid to severe deterioration | very high |
Pollution | agricultural & forestry effluents - herbicides and pesticides | happening now | majority/most of area/population (50-90%) | moderate to rapid deterioration | high |
Pollution | excess energy - noise pollution | happening now | some of area/population (10-49%) | slow but significant deterioration | medium |
Transportation and service corridors | roads and railroads | happening now | some of area/population (10-49%) | moderate to rapid deterioration | high |
Transportation and service corridors | utility & service lines | happening now | some of area/population (10-49%) | moderate to rapid deterioration | high |
Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Protected-area designation | Management planning | Other conservation action | Result |
Most of site (50-90%) covered (including the most critical parts for important bird species) | A management plan exists but it is out of date or not comprehensive | Substantive conservation measures are being implemented but these are not comprehensive and are limited by resources and capacity | medium |
Protected area (PA) | PA designation | PA area (ha) | Relationship of PA with IBA | Overlap of PA with IBA (ha) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sierra de San Pedro | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 115,178 | protected area contained by site | 115,032 |
Sierra de San Pedro | Zona de Interes Regional | 115,032 | protected area contained by site | 0 |
Sierra de San Pedro | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 115,178 | protected area contained by site | 0 |
Riveras de Carbajo y Calatrucha | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 1,066 | protected area overlaps with site | 19 |
Rivera de Membrio | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 639 | protected area overlaps with site | 185 |
Rivera de los Molinos y la Torre | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 521 | protected area overlaps with site | 137 |
Rivera de Aurela | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 1,069 | protected area overlaps with site | 294 |
Río Tajo Internacional y Riberos | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 25,479 | protected area overlaps with site | 1,817 |
Río Salor | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 391 | protected area overlaps with site | 59 |
Río Gevora Alto | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 2,826 | protected area overlaps with site | 2,377 |
Río Aljucén Bajo | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 426 | protected area is adjacent to site | 0 |
Regato Guadalto | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 262 | protected area contained by site | 173 |
Parque Natural Tajo Internacional | Parque Natural | 25,088 | protected area overlaps with site | 0 |
Nacimiento del Río Gevora | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 21,048 | protected area contained by site | 20,024 |
Llanos de Cáceres y Sierra de Fuentes | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 69,666 | protected area is adjacent to site | 0 |
Llanos de Cáceres y Sierra de Fuentes | Zona de Interes Regional | 70,021 | protected area is adjacent to site | 0 |
Llanos de Alcantara y Brozas | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 46,580 | protected area is adjacent to site | 0 |
Llanos de Alcantara y Brozas | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 46,580 | protected area is adjacent to site | 0 |
Embalse de Horno-Tejero | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 330 | protected area contained by site | 265 |
Embalse de Cornalvo y Sierra Bermeja | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 13,039 | protected area is adjacent to site | 0 |
Embalse de Cornalvo y Sierra Bermeja | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 13,039 | protected area is adjacent to site | 0 |
Corredor del Lacara | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 649 | protected area overlaps with site | 474 |
Cornalvo | Parque Natural | 11,396 | protected area is adjacent to site | 0 |
Colonias de Cernícalo Primilla de San Vicente de Alcántara | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 23 | protected area contained by site | 3 |
Colonias de Cernícalo Primilla de Alburquerque | Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) | 24 | protected area contained by site | 42 |
Cedillo y Río Tajo Internacional | Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) | 22,698 | protected area is adjacent to site | 1,189 |
Alcornoque El Abuelo | Árbol Singular | 0 | protected area contained by site | 0 |
The Local Conservation Groups listed below are working to support conservation at this IBA.
Name | Year formed |
---|---|
ADENEX | 0 |
CES | 0 |
FUNDACIÓN CB HABITAT (MMA) | 0 |
MUNDOBRIGA | 0 |
Habitat (IUCN level 1) | Habitat detail | Extent (% of site) |
---|---|---|
Forest | Broadleaved evergreen woodland | - |
Shrubland | - | |
Wetlands (inland) | Standing brackish and salt water, Rivers and streams | - |
Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks) | Inland cliffs | - |
Artificial/Terrestrial | Perennial crops, orchards and groves, Forestry plantations | - |
Land-use | Extent (% of site) |
---|---|
agriculture | - |
hunting | - |
other | - |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: San Pedro mountain range. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/san-pedro-mountain-range-iba-spain on 19/03/2024.