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The site was identified as important in 2000 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species'):

Species	Current IUCN Red List Category	Season	Year(s)	Population estimate at site	IBA criteria met
Common Pochard Aythya ferina	VU	winter	1996	5,000-22,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca	NT	breeding	1996	25-100 breeding pairs	A1, B2, C1, C6
Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata	LC	winter	1996	7,000-26,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope	LC	winter	1996	20,000-50,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Northern Pintail Anas acuta	LC	winter	1996	8,000-15,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Common Teal Anas crecca	LC	winter	1996	8,000-30,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis	LC	winter	1996	900-2,200 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Common Coot Fulica atra	LC	winter	1996	20,000-47,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
White Stork Ciconia ciconia	LC	breeding	1996	70-80 breeding pairs	C6
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia	LC	breeding	1996	6-10 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus	LC	passage	1996	400-1,200 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2
Common Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus	LC	breeding	1996	30-60 breeding pairs	C2, C6
Black-crowned Night-heron Nycticorax nycticorax	LC	breeding	1996	50-100 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides	LC	breeding	1996	80-150 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Great White Egret Ardea alba	LC	breeding	1996	130-200 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C2
Little Egret Egretta garzetta	LC	passage	1996	800-1,500 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2
Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus	NT	resident	1996	45-50 breeding pairs	A1, A4i, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C6
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo	LC	winter	1996	1,200-1,800 individuals	B1i, C3
Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus	LC	breeding	1996	8-30 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Haematopus ostralegus	NR	breeding	1996	8-12 breeding pairs	B1i, C3
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus	LC	breeding	1996	220-360 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C2
Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus	LC	winter	1996	600-2,500 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus	LC	resident	1996	300-400 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C3
Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris	CR	passage	2000	rare	A1, C1
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea	NT	passage	1996	2,000-6,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Little Stint Calidris minuta	LC	passage	1996	3,000-8,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Common Redshank Tringa totanus	LC	winter	1996	800-2,300 individuals	B1i, C3
Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola	LC	breeding	1996	100-160 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Little Tern Sternula albifrons	LC	breeding	1996	400-550 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida	LC	breeding	1997	5-6 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Common Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica	LC	breeding	1996	80-120 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis	LC	resident	1996	45-90 breeding pairs	C2
Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga	VU	winter	1996	3-4 individuals	A1, C1
Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla	LC	breeding	1996	abundant	B2, C6
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	winter	1996	100,000-499,999 individuals	A4iii, C4

The current IUCN Red List category may differ from that which was valid at the time of IBA criteria assessment (2000).

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat level 1	Threat level 2	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Agricultural expansion and intensification	livestock farming and ranching (includes forest grazing) - agro-industry grazing, ranching or farmin	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Biological resource use	hunting & collecting terrestrial animals - intentional use (species being assessed is the target)	happening now	whole area/population (>90%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	very high
Pollution	agricultural & forestry effluents - type unknown/unrecorded	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected-area designation	Management planning	Other conservation action	Result
Whole area of site (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	No management plan exists but the management planning process has begun	Some limited conservation initiatives are in place	low

For more information about IBA conservation status, please click here

Protected area (PA)	PA designation	PA area (ha)	Relationship of PA with IBA	Overlap of PA with IBA (ha)
Periochi Perivallontikou Elegchou Ethnikou Parkou Ygrotopon Amvrakikou (Zoni C)	Periferiaki zoni Ethnikou Parkou	152,270	protected area overlaps with site	0
Ethniko Parko Ygrotopon Amvrakikou (Zoni B: Periochi Eidikon Rythmiseon)	Alla	9,661	protected area overlaps with site	0
Ethniko Parko Ygrotopon Amvrakikou (Zoni A-1: Periochi Eidikis Diacheirisis Ydaton)	Alla	481	protected area contained by site	0
Ethniko Parko Ygrotopon Amvrakikou - Periochi prostasias tis fysis	Periochi prostasias tis fysis se ethniko parko	18,626	protected area overlaps with site	0
Ethniko Parko Ygrotopon Amvrakikou	Ethniko Parko	28,763	protected area overlaps with site	0
Amvrakikos Kolpos; Limnothalassa Katafourko Kai Korakonisia	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	23,186	protected area contained by site	22,930
Amvrakikos Kolpos; Delta Lourou Kai Arachthou (Petra, Mytikas, Evryteri Periochi, Kato Pous Arachthou, Kampi Filippiadas)	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	60,156	protected area overlaps with site	23,542
Amvrakikos gulf	Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance	23,649	protected area overlaps with site	22,626
Amvrakikos	National Park	181,033	protected area contains site	26,275

Habitat (IUCN level 1)	Habitat detail	Extent (% of site)
Shrubland	Sclerophyllous scrub, garrigue and maquis	-
Grassland	Humid grasslands	-
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable land, Perennial crops, orchards and groves, Other urban and industrial areas	-
Marine Neritic		-
Marine Intertidal		-
Marine Coastal/Supratidal		-

For more information about the IUCN Habitat classification, please click here.

Land-use	Extent (% of site)
agriculture	-
fisheries/aquaculture	-
nature conservation and research	-
tourism/recreation	-
urban/industrial/transport	-
water management	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Important Bird Area factsheet: Amvrakikos gulf. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/amvrakikos-gulf-iba-greece on 21/09/2023.